Bandgap engineering in MnPS3 and ZnPS3 for photocatalytic water splitting: A first-principles study

By virtue of their wide band gaps, the photocatalytic ability of MnPS₃ and ZnPS₃ for water splitting is subject to narrow visible light adsorption. In this work, the first-principle calculations are adopted to study the impact of biaxial strain and electric field on photocatalytic performance of MnPS₃ and ZnPS₃. Our theoretical calculations demonstrate that MnPS₃ under ?10% biaxial strain, ?5% biaxial strain and a 0.05 V/Å electric field possess appropriate band gaps and band edge positions required for photocatalytic water splitting as well as pronounced absorbance in the visible and ultraviolet spectrum. Whereas, the band structures for ZnPS₃ can not be altered significantly either by applying biaxial strain or electric field. Through the free energy change analysis, it is found that water splitting reactions on MnPS₃ under ?10% biaxial strain as well as ?5% biaxial strain can be thermodynamically spontaneous at pH 7–10 using natural sunlight.     

EFPI-FBG复合光纤传感器高温大应变试验研究

由于缺乏航空发动机/燃气轮机服役环境下叶片温度、应变有效性检测的技术与装置，所以工作叶片的温度环境、载荷环境和应变分布等关键数据的缺失是故障检修工作中的最大困难之一。采用非本征型法布里-珀罗(Extrinsic Farby Perot Interferometric,EFPI)与光纤光栅(Fiber Bragg Grating,FBG)传感技术，研制了一种基于单模光纤的EFPI FBG复合光纤传感器及其解调设备。通过搭建高温拉伸试验平台，开展了基于DZ125材料试件的复合光纤传感器高温、大应变测量的性能测试。试验结果表明：复合光纤传感器的工作温度范围为26 ℃~1 100 ℃，温度测量精度不超过全量程的5%，分辨率为0.066 ℃；F-P传感器的应变测量范围为0~19 468 με，在1 100 ℃下的相对误差为1.96%，分辨率为0.053 με。     

Extending interior-point methods to nonlinear second-order cone programming: Application to finite-strain elastoplasticity

Interior-point methods (IPMs) are well suited for solving convex nonsmooth optimization problems which arise for instance in problems involving plasticity or contact conditions. This work attempts at extending their field of application to optimization problems involving either smooth but nonconvex or nonsmooth but convex objectives or constraints. A typical application for such kind of problems is finite-strain elastoplasticity which we address using a total Lagrangian formulation based on logarithmic strain measures. The proposed interior-point algorithm is implemented and tested on 3D examples involving plastic collapse and geometrical changes. Comparison with classical, Newton-Raphson/return mapping methods show that the IPM exhibits good computational performance, especially in terms of convergence robustness. Similar to what is observed for convex small-strain plasticity, the IPM is able to converge for much larger load steps than classical methods.     

Improved electric-field-induced strain and strong photoluminescence properties in novel Er3+-modified 0.93Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-0.07BaTiO3 multifunctional ceramics

Recently, the progress of electronic devices toward miniaturization has strongly promoted development of multifunctional materials possessing multiple desirable properties. In this study, we develop and fabricate 0.93Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃-0.07BaTiO₃-xEr multifunctional ceramics which show simultaneously considerable electric-field-induced strain and bright green light emission properties. With the introduction of Er³⁺, the ceramics gradually transform from non-ergodic relaxor phase to ergodic relaxor phase which could reversibly transform to ferroelectric phase under the electric field. As a result, with improving Er³⁺ content, the shape of the polarization-electric field loops of the ceramics become pinched, and it is obvious that the negative strain disappears while the positive strain gradually increases and reaches a maximum value 0.46% at x = 1.2 mol%. Besides, After the ceramics are poled, the light emission peak are greatly enhanced attributed to the decreased crystal symmetry and increased domain size, and is the strongest at x = 1.2 mol%. These results indicate that 0.93Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃-0.07BaTiO₃-xEr ceramics are good candidates for developing multifunctional optoelectronic devices.     

Development of mix design method based on statistical analysis of different factors for geopolymer concrete

The present study proposes the mix design method of Fly Ash (FA) based geopolymer concrete using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). In this method, different factors, including binder content, alkali/binder ratio, NS/NH ratio (sodium silicate/sodium hydroxide), NH molarity, and water/solids ratio were considered for the mix design of geopolymer concrete. The 2D contour plots were used to setup the mix design method to achieve the target compressive strength. The proposed mix design method of geopolymer concrete is divided into three categories based on curing regime, specifically one ambient curing (25 °C) and two heat curing (60 and 90 °C). The proposed mix design method of geopolymer concrete was validated through experimentation of M30, M50, and M70 concrete mixes at all curing regimes. The observed experimental compressive strength results validate the mix design method by more than 90% of their target strength. Furthermore, the current study concluded that the required compressive strength can be achieved by varying any factor in the mix design. In addition, the factor analysis revealed that the NS/NH ratio significantly affects the compressive strength of geopolymer concrete.     

沥青对水泥沥青砂浆力学性能的影响

采用微机控制电子万能试验机对水泥沥青砂浆(CA砂浆)进行了应力--应变压缩试验,分析了试验过程中CA砂浆的弹性能和耗散能随沥青含量的变化规律。结果表明:随着沥青含量的增加,CA砂浆的强度逐渐降低,脆性逐渐减弱,象征强度弱化区域的有机物--无机物界面的增多是强度降低的主要原因,沥青含量的增加使CA砂浆内释放的弹性能只有小部分用于缺陷的扩展,加之沥青网络结构的横向约束作用导致脆性逐渐减弱。外力功随应变的增加逐渐增大,随沥青含量的增加逐渐减小;弹性能开始向耗散能转化发生在屈服变形阶段,峰值应力后,弹性能向耗散能的转化速率加快,能量迅速释放。能量释放系数随应变的增加逐渐增大,能量释放加快;能量释放系数随沥青含量的增加逐渐增大,表明CA砂浆的阻尼性能提高,减振作用增强。     

平纹机织玄武岩纤维/环氧树脂复合材料冲击拉伸行为

以常规机织工艺生产织物增强体,以真空辅助树脂转移模塑法(VARTM)制备成型复合材料,研究单层平纹玄武岩长丝增强环氧树脂复合材料在准静态和高应变率加载下的拉伸性能。准静态和高应变率拉伸试验分别在MTS-810.23试验仪和分离式霍普金森拉杆(SHTB)测试系统上完成。试验结果表明该材料的力学性能具有应变率依赖性:随着应变速率的增加,拉伸模量和拉伸强度单调增加,失效应变单调减小,弹性能先增加后减小。材料的失效破坏特征也呈现明显的应变率效应:准静态拉伸时,材料断口整齐,树脂的破碎少,几乎没有纤维的抽拔和经纬向纤维束间的滑移;高应变率拉伸时,材料断口参差错乱,树脂完全破碎,纤维束抽拔严重、相互崩裂和滑移,织物增强体结构的整体性破坏严重。     

浅析泵的扬程

在油库中泵被誉为＂心脏＂,它在油料的收发及输转中起着十分重要的作用。泵给予流体能量的多少通常用扬程来表示,扬程是泵的一个非常重要的性能参数,是我们选泵、监测与调节泵的主要依据。本文阐述了扬程的定义,根据定义推导出了扬程的定义式;探讨了泵运行时扬程及工艺设计中泵扬程的计算方法,分析了各自特点、影响因素及注意事项,并分别举例说明之。     

碳纤维拉伸模量准确测试研究

分析了碳纤维拉伸模量测试中存在的问题,表明引伸计是准确测试碳纤维拉伸模量的必要设备。通过对T800-12K碳纤维拉伸模量测试结果的分析比较,认为应变范围的选择直接影响模量的计算结果,在应变范围为0.2%~0.7%时,可以获得具有与标称值很好一致性的结果。拉伸形变速率对模量测试结果具有一定影响,研究表明拉伸形变速率约0.1/min对于碳纤维拉伸模量测试较为合适。